Two-Factor Authentication: Why SMS Is Bad and TOTP Is Good
Why Do I Need 2FA If I Have a Strong Password?
Even a perfect password can leak through phishing, data brokers, or a third-party breach. A second factor makes a stolen password useless without physical access to your device.
2FA Method Hierarchy (Weakest to Strongest)
❌ SMS Codes — worst option
- SIM-swapping: attackers convince your carrier to transfer your number to their SIM
- SS7 attacks: technical vulnerabilities in telephony protocols
- Interception on public networks
That said, SMS is still better than nothing.
⚠️ Authenticator Apps (TOTP) — good
Google Authenticator, Aegis, Raivo — generate a one-time 6-digit code every 30 seconds. Codes don't travel through the phone network; only vulnerable to real-time phishing.
Recommendation: use Aegis (Android) or Raivo (iOS) — with encrypted backup support.
✅ Hardware Keys (FIDO2/WebAuthn) — best option
YubiKey, Google Titan Key — physical USB/NFC keys. Cannot be intercepted remotely. Phishing-resistant — the key is bound to a specific domain.
✅✅ Passkeys — the future is here
Passkeys (supported on iOS 17+, Android 14+, Windows 11) fully replace password + 2FA. On-device biometrics + cryptographic key. Cannot leak or be intercepted.
How to Set Up TOTP Right Now
- Download Aegis Authenticator (Android) or Raivo OTP (iOS)
- Go to security settings of your account (Google, GitHub, email)
- Find "Two-factor authentication" → "Authenticator app"
- Scan the QR code
- Save backup codes in your password manager or print them
Tips
- Always enable 2FA on: email, banking, password manager, GitHub, social media
- When registering on new services, use a temporary email — spammers won't get your real address and can't attack through it
- Never enter a 2FA code on request from "support" — that's phishing